1864
First Centrifuge

Antonin Prandtl invents the centrifuge. Cells can be split by density

1950s
Invention of DEP

DEP invented, limited to tiny batches of cells under microscope

1960-70s
FACS

Invented in late 60s and sold in early 70s. Cells can be separated by surface proteins

1989
MACS

Stefan Miltenyi develops technique for magnetically labelling and separating cells

2012
3DEP Released

Electrophysiology can be measured in seconds

Today
3D-DEP

DEParator available for high throughput label-free cell sorting

Why DEP for cell sorting?

Completely Label-free

No fluorescent or magnetics labels means no incubation, no removal and no resulting losses in cell viability.

Cheaper to run, Smaller facilities, Lower user input.

Its Fast

Like really, really fast!

No relying on gravity to slowly pull cells through magnetic cages or waiting on fluorescence systems to interrogate, compute and redirect single-cell droplets individually.

> 0
Cells trapped per second

No distinguishing surface markers?

What happens if you want to separate two similar cell types? If they present similar surface markers and fluorescent dyes can’t distinguish then DEP may be your solution. By exploiting inherent differences within the cells, including ionic contents in otherwise identical cells.