Antonin Prandtl invents the centrifuge. Cells can be split by density
DEP invented, limited to tiny batches of cells under microscope
Invented in late 60s and sold in early 70s. Cells can be separated by surface proteins
Stefan Miltenyi develops technique for magnetically labelling and separating cells
Electrophysiology can be measured in seconds
DEParator available for high throughput label-free cell sorting
Why DEP for cell sorting?
Completely Label-free
No fluorescent or magnetics labels means no incubation, no removal and no resulting losses in cell viability.
Cheaper to run, Smaller facilities, Lower user input.
Its Fast
Like really, really fast!
No relying on gravity to slowly pull cells through magnetic cages or waiting on fluorescence systems to interrogate, compute and redirect single-cell droplets individually.
No distinguishing surface markers?
What happens if you want to separate two similar cell types? If they present similar surface markers and fluorescent dyes can’t distinguish then DEP may be your solution. By exploiting inherent differences within the cells, including ionic contents in otherwise identical cells.